混凝土自上料攪拌車調(diào)整制動(dòng)間隙的關(guān)鍵
制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)故障導(dǎo)致的交通事故很多，從爆胎到車輛起火，不一而足。因此，攪拌車駕駛員必須經(jīng)常檢查制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)，特別是制動(dòng)間隙和制動(dòng)蹄的厚度。下面就來(lái)講講相關(guān)內(nèi)容吧。
There are many traffic accidents caused by brake system failure, ranging from tire blowout to vehicle fire. Therefore, the mixer driver must always check the brake system, especially the brake clearance and brake shoe thickness. Let's talk about the relevant content.
說(shuō)一下它的工作原理：壓縮空氣進(jìn)入制動(dòng)缸，由于氣壓的作用，制動(dòng)缸的推桿被推出，帶動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)臂運(yùn)動(dòng)，調(diào)節(jié)臂驅(qū)動(dòng)凸輪軸轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，凸輪軸另一端的S凸輪推動(dòng)制動(dòng)器，動(dòng)靴向外運(yùn)動(dòng)并接觸制動(dòng)輪轂產(chǎn)生制動(dòng)力，車輛可以減速停止。車輛行駛一定時(shí)間后，剎車蹄會(huì)逐漸變薄，制動(dòng)間隙會(huì)越來(lái)越大。即使碰到也沒(méi)有力氣，也沒(méi)有剎車。
Let's talk about its working principle: compressed air enters the brake cylinder. Due to the effect of air pressure, the push rod of the brake cylinder is pushed out to drive the adjusting arm to move. The adjusting arm drives the camshaft to rotate. The s cam at the other end of the camshaft pushes the brake. The moving shoe moves outward and contacts the brake hub to generate braking force. The vehicle can decelerate and stop. After the vehicle has been driven for a certain period of time, the brake shoes will gradually become thinner and the brake clearance will become larger and larger. There is no strength and no braking even if you encounter it.
調(diào)整制動(dòng)間隙的關(guān)鍵部件是調(diào)整臂。調(diào)節(jié)臂分為自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)臂和手動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)臂。手動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)臂調(diào)節(jié)方法：通過(guò)鎖緊裝置中的調(diào)節(jié)螺母調(diào)節(jié)制動(dòng)間隙，打開防塵罩上的觀察孔，觀察調(diào)整螺母的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，使制動(dòng)間隙變小，無(wú)間隙時(shí)停止并明顯變大，然后反方向旋轉(zhuǎn)180度，調(diào)整好。自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)臂一般不需要手動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)。但是，自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)臂的質(zhì)量一般不如手動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)臂。
The key component to adjust the brake clearance is the adjusting arm. The adjusting arm is divided into automatic adjusting arm and manual adjusting arm. Adjustment method of manual adjusting arm: adjust the brake clearance through the adjusting nut in the locking device, open the observation hole on the dust cover, observe the rotation of the adjusting nut, make the brake clearance smaller, stop and obviously increase when there is no clearance, and then rotate 180 degrees in the opposite direction for adjustment. The automatic adjusting arm generally does not need manual adjustment. However, the quality of the automatic adjusting arm is generally inferior to that of the manual adjusting arm.
當(dāng)制動(dòng)蹄摩擦片磨損，制動(dòng)氣室推桿行程超過(guò)40mm時(shí)，為減小制動(dòng)蹄摩擦片與攪拌車制動(dòng)鼓之間的間隙，需要進(jìn)行局部調(diào)整。調(diào)整時(shí)，面向調(diào)整臂座桿，順時(shí)針擰緊螺絲（制動(dòng)蹄摩擦片與制動(dòng)鼓之間的間隙減小），逆時(shí)針擰松。扭動(dòng)制動(dòng)氣室推桿連接叉改變推桿長(zhǎng)度的方法是錯(cuò)誤的。調(diào)整后輪彈簧制動(dòng)器時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)。
When the brake shoe friction plate is worn and the stroke of the brake air chamber push rod exceeds 40mm, local adjustment is required to reduce the gap between the brake shoe friction plate and the brake drum of the mixer truck. During adjustment, face the adjusting arm seat rod, tighten the screw clockwise (the gap between the brake shoe friction plate and the brake drum is reduced), and loosen it counterclockwise. It is wrong to twist the connecting fork of the brake chamber push rod to change the length of the push rod. Pay attention to the following points when adjusting the rear wheel spring brake.
嚴(yán)禁通過(guò)扭動(dòng)制動(dòng)氣室推桿連接叉來(lái)改變推桿行程。
It is forbidden to change the push rod stroke by twisting the connecting fork of the push rod of the brake air chamber.
調(diào)整后剎車時(shí)，一定要把車停在平坦的地方，并保證儲(chǔ)氣筒的氣壓在700kPa以上。
When adjusting the rear brake, be sure to park the car in a flat place and ensure that the air pressure in the air reservoir is above 700KPA.
前后輪用三角塊塞好，接觸駐車制動(dòng)器后方可調(diào)整后制動(dòng)間隙。
The front and rear wheels shall be plugged with triangle blocks, and the rear brake clearance can be adjusted after contacting the parking brake.
每行駛1500km應(yīng)給制動(dòng)凸輪和支架滑套加注潤(rùn)滑脂，但每次注油量不宜過(guò)多，以免潤(rùn)滑脂污染摩擦片工作面。更換制動(dòng)蹄摩擦片后，由于制動(dòng)底板的拆除，制動(dòng)蹄軸轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，制動(dòng)凸輪的位置發(fā)生變化，從而破壞了制動(dòng)蹄摩擦片與制動(dòng)鼓的正確接觸狀態(tài)。因此，需要按以下順序進(jìn)行調(diào)整。
The brake cam and support sliding sleeve shall be filled with grease every 1500km, but the amount of oil shall not be too much each time to avoid the grease polluting the working surface of the friction plate. After replacing the brake shoe friction plate, due to the removal of the brake base plate, the brake shoe shaft rotates, and the position of the brake cam changes, thus destroying the correct contact state between the brake shoe friction plate and the brake drum. Therefore, it needs to be adjusted in the following order.
拆下混凝土自上料攪拌車制動(dòng)鼓上檢查孔的蓋板，松開制動(dòng)蹄支撐銷的固定螺母和氣室支架緊固螺栓的螺母。
Remove the cover plate of the inspection hole on the brake drum of the concrete mixing truck, and loosen the fixing nut of the brake shoe support pin and the nut of the fastening bolt of the air chamber support.
轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)鞋支撐銷，使兩個(gè)銷端上的標(biāo)記朝內(nèi)。
Turn the shoe support pin so that the marks on both pin ends face inward.
通過(guò)反復(fù)扭動(dòng)制動(dòng)蹄軸和調(diào)節(jié)臂蝸桿軸，使制動(dòng)蹄摩擦片和制動(dòng)鼓完全貼合，然后擰緊制動(dòng)蹄軸的調(diào)節(jié)螺母和鎖緊螺母（此時(shí)，確保制動(dòng)蹄軸和氣室支架的位置保持不變）。
Twist the brake shoe shaft and adjusting arm worm shaft repeatedly to make the brake shoe friction plate fully fit the brake drum, and then tighten the adjusting nut and lock nut of the brake shoe shaft (at this time, ensure that the positions of the brake shoe shaft and the air chamber support remain unchanged).
混凝土自上料攪拌車廠家提醒，將調(diào)節(jié)臂的蝸桿軸松開1/2-2/3圈，制動(dòng)鼓應(yīng)能自由轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，不與制動(dòng)蹄的摩擦片或其他部位發(fā)生摩擦。
The manufacturer of concrete batching truck reminds that loosen the worm shaft of the adjusting arm for 1/2-2/3 turn, and the brake drum shall be able to rotate freely without friction with the friction plate of the brake shoe or other parts.
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